變壓器的日常維護

在變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的日常(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)和維護(hu)過程中，應當(dang)(dang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)以及變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的附屬設備進(jin)(jin)行(xing)詳細的檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)，其中主(zhu)要(yao)觀察變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)是否需(xu)要(yao)更換，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作時產生的聲(sheng)音(yin)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)、有(you)位變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)自身的溫(wen)度(du)等等;還要(yao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)氣體繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)，查(cha)看氣體是否出現(xian)不足或過多的現(xian)象(xiang);對(dui)(dui)(dui)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)外觀進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)，要(yao)著(zhu)重檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)是否出現(xian)漏(lou)油，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)防(fang)爆(bao)管是否出現(xian)了開裂和爆(bao)裂現(xian)象(xiang);變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的各個節點處是否連接良好，并且在變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)工(gong)作的進(jin)(jin)程中自身的溫(wen)度(du)是否存在過高現(xian)象(xiang)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)冷卻(que)裝置是否能(neng)夠進(jin)(jin)行(xing)正常(chang)工(gong)作。對(dui)(dui)(dui)于變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的日常(chang)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)應當(dang)(dang)具有(you)全面(mian)性(xing)，保(bao)證對(dui)(dui)(dui)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)以及配套設備能(neng)夠做到(dao)及時、有(you)效、全面(mian)的養護(hu)和維修，保(bao)證各個環節不存在安(an)全隱患。

變壓器周邊的安全隱患

當(dang)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)周(zhou)邊出(chu)(chu)(chu)現隱(yin)患(huan)問題應當(dang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)及(ji)時有效(xiao)的(de)(de)排除，減少變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)損壞或者故(gu)(gu)障出(chu)(chu)(chu)現帶給電路整體(ti)的(de)(de)影響。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)日常(chang)維護(hu)工作主要是對變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)外(wai)觀以(yi)(yi)及(ji)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)附屬部(bu)分進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢查，保證(zheng)(zheng)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)能夠進(jin)(jin)行(xing)穩定作業。并且在(zai)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)周(zhou)邊檢查的(de)(de)過程中應當(dang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)預(yu)防性維護(hu)，保證(zheng)(zheng)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不存(cun)在(zai)安全隱(yin)患(huan)或者是安全故(gu)(gu)障，降(jiang)低設備的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)消耗，延長(chang)設備的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)預(yu)防性檢修工作指的(de)(de)是針對變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)日常(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中極易出(chu)(chu)(chu)現故(gu)(gu)障的(de)(de)零部(bu)件進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢修，對極易出(chu)(chu)(chu)現問題的(de)(de)部(bu)分進(jin)(jin)行(xing)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)維修，以(yi)(yi)免由于變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)陳舊造成日常(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中出(chu)(chu)(chu)現故(gu)(gu)障。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)預(yu)防性維護(hu)指的(de)(de)是在(zai)日常(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中按照階段性對變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)維護(hu)，進(jin)(jin)而降(jiang)低變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現故(gu)(gu)障的(de)(de)概率，提(ti)升變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)統的(de)(de)供電穩定

變壓器日常使用中的缺陷

在變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)日常(chang)安裝(zhuang)和檢修的(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)應當(dang)(dang)進行相應的(de)(de)安全維護(hu)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，避(bi)免(mian)變(bian)壓器在使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)出(chu)現自(zi)身(shen)損耗的(de)(de)問題(ti)，影響設(she)(she)(she)備的(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)情況。應當(dang)(dang)控制變(bian)壓器在相對穩定的(de)(de)工作負荷下運行，避(bi)免(mian)出(chu)現工作強度較大(da)造成的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)備問題(ti)。在日常(chang)維護(hu)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)也應當(dang)(dang)考慮(lv)其(qi)中(zhong)存在的(de)(de)隱患問題(ti)，避(bi)免(mian)在使(shi)用(yong)中(zhong)出(chu)現故障而(er)不自(zi)知(zhi)，最終造成了設(she)(she)(she)備的(de)(de)嚴重(zhong)問題(ti)。在進行維修養護(hu)工作之前，應當(dang)(dang)針對設(she)(she)(she)備中(zhong)極易發生的(de)(de)問題(ti)進行整合，并且根據問題(ti)制定相應的(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)決措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)，緩(huan)解(jie)(jie)消極影響。

變壓(ya)器(qi)運行(xing)過程(cheng)中出現(xian)的聲音異常

在變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)日常(chang)使用中，變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)鐵(tie)芯會出現(xian)周期性的(de)(de)交流電變化，導致鐵(tie)芯出現(xian)不規律性的(de)(de)震(zhen)動，變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)過程中便會出現(xian)聲音異(yi)常(chang)現(xian)象。當發現(xian)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)出現(xian)聲音異(yi)常(chang)，應當結合具(ju)體(ti)情況進行判斷和分(fen)析(xi)，對變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)產生的(de)(de)故障進行階段性排除。

當變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)時，聲(sheng)音(yin)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)異(yi)(yi)常情(qing)況(kuang)時間較短(duan)(duan)，并(bing)且(qie)具有偶爾信(xin)號可以判斷變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)動力設備，在(zai)啟動過程中(zhong)(zhong)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)了變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)短(duan)(duan)時間內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短(duan)(duan)路(lu)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)鐵芯流通的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電流變(bian)(bian)(bian)大(da)，從而出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)聲(sheng)音(yin)異(yi)(yi)常現(xian)(xian)(xian)象。當變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)音(yin)異(yi)(yi)常情(qing)況(kuang)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)具有持續(xu)性(xing)、不(bu)間斷性(xing)，則可以判斷變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內部鐵芯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矽鋼片發(fa)生震動。在(zai)此(ci)情(qing)況(kuang)下，應當對變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)進(jin)行(xing)長時間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢測，發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)聲(sheng)音(yin)異(yi)(yi)常情(qing)況(kuang)不(bu)斷惡化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，應當立即關閉變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)檢查(cha)，當變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)業中(zhong)(zhong)聲(sheng)音(yin)強烈，并(bing)且(qie)不(bu)均勻出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)短(duan)(duan)暫(zan)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)爆裂(lie)，可以判斷變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內部螺絲出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)松動，鐵芯上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅鋼片發(fa)生較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)震動。變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)長時間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音(yin)異(yi)(yi)常情(qing)況(kuang)，對變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自身造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響非(fei)常巨(ju)大(da)。故(gu)障剛(gang)發(fa)生時表現(xian)(xian)(xian)是短(duan)(duan)暫(zan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、間歇性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，如得不(bu)到及(ji)時維護和(he)修理(li)，將(jiang)會發(fa)展為惡性(xing)事故(gu)。因此(ci)，要針對具體問題進(jin)行(xing)維修和(he)管理(li)，從而降低(di)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu)障造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)惡劣影(ying)響。

變壓器的油溫異常

變(bian)壓器(qi)在日常使(shi)用基本(ben)上處(chu)于高強度(du)作(zuo)業(ye)的(de)狀態，在這種作(zuo)業(ye)影(ying)響下變(bian)壓器(qi)會出現迅速老(lao)化現象(xiang)，影(ying)響變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)正常使(shi)用壽命。因此(ci)，在變(bian)壓器(qi)使(shi)用的(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，應當保(bao)證變(bian)壓器(qi)油(you)的(de)溫度(du)在一定范圍內，通(tong)常情況下的(de)要(yao)求是變(bian)壓器(qi)內部的(de)油(you)溫不高于 85 ℃。

當(dang)變壓器內(nei)部(bu)油溫(wen)超(chao)過(guo)既(ji)定溫(wen)度時，檢(jian)修人員在維護的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中基本能夠判斷(duan)變壓器內(nei)部(bu)出(chu)現(xian)問題，進而根據油溫(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況進行進一步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)修和(he)故(gu)障排查，準(zhun)確判定出(chu)現(xian)故(gu)障的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)位(wei)和(he)具(ju)體問題，從而有效(xiao)緩解設備(bei)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力，保(bao)證設備(bei)穩定運(yun)行。

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