發表時間: 2019-10-09 08:44:00
作(zuo)者: 福州英諾電(dian)子(zi)科技有限公司
福州英諾科技提供變壓器(qi)溫(wen)度控制器(qi),變壓器(qi)繞組溫(wen)控器(qi),價格合理,歡迎聯系(xi).
變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)如果在(zai)平(ping)時沒有(you)做好(hao)維護工(gong)作,就(jiu)有(you)可能(neng)造成(cheng)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)故(gu)障,變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的故(gu)障大家所熟悉的就(jiu)是(shi)有(you)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)溫度控制沒做好(hao)所造成(cheng)的變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)故(gu)障,變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)在(zai)運行過程中可能(neng)因為各種(zhong)原(yuan)因造成(cheng)各種(zhong)故(gu)障,今天福州英(ying)諾小編就(jiu)來說變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)的2個常(chang)見故(gu)障原(yuan)因。
在電(dian)應力作(zuo)用下(xia)變壓器絕緣劣化而引發的故障(zhang)。根據能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)度(du)的大小(xiao),可以將(jiang)電(dian)性故障(zhang)細分為分成局(ju)部放電(dian)、低(di)能(neng)放電(dian)以及高能(neng)放電(dian)等。
變(bian)壓(ya)器局部(bu)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)故障(zhang)(zhang)常(chang)出(chu)現于變(bian)壓(ya)器內(nei)部(bu)空腔(qiang)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)、絕緣介質空隙等處,其能(neng)量密度通常(chang)較小,但(dan)可(ke)能(neng)惡化為高能(neng)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)故障(zhang)(zhang);低能(neng)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)故障(zhang)(zhang)是(shi)指(zhi)阻抗(kang)的分壓(ya)作(zuo)用下(xia),變(bian)壓(ya)器內(nei)部(bu)接觸不良的金屬部(bu)件在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)各異的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)間生(sheng)(sheng)成懸浮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位,其具有能(neng)量密度非常(chang)小、間歇性(xing)等特性(xing);高能(neng)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)故障(zhang)(zhang)具有突發性(xing),極(ji)(ji)易(yi)引起繞組間和層間擊(ji)穿等嚴(yan)重(zhong)故障(zhang)(zhang),同時(shi)在(zai)較短時(shi)間內(nei)產生(sheng)(sheng)大量故障(zhang)(zhang)氣(qi)體。
變(bian)壓(ya)器過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)故障是指在熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)應力作用下變(bian)壓(ya)器絕緣部件老(lao)化(hua)而引發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)現象,以(yi)故障產生的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度高(gao)低可以(yi)進一步將其細(xi)分(fen)為(wei)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)以(yi)及(ji)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)等(deng)(deng)三種類型(xing),低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)與(yu)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)之間的(de)(de)(de)劃分(fen)標準分(fen)別為(wei)300°C和(he)700攝(she)氏度。近半(ban)比例的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)壓(ya)器過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)故障是因分(fen)接開(kai)關接觸(chu)不良(liang)問題而導致的(de)(de)(de)。此外(wai),鐵芯多點(dian)接地、局(ju)部短路(lu)以(yi)及(ji)漏磁環流等(deng)(deng)也是引發(fa)變(bian)壓(ya)器過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)故障的(de)(de)(de)常見因素(su)。
變壓器繞組溫度超過標(biao)準是(shi)變壓器所有(you)(you)故障中最常見的(de)故障,主要(yao)原因有(you)(you)
1、變壓器散熱不良
在系(xi)統設(she)計時(shi),對變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)損耗(hao)評估不準、散熱(re)做的(de)(de)不夠,導致變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)無(wu)法在標稱(cheng)的(de)(de)容量下(xia)持續(xu)工作(zuo)。儲能系(xi)統中變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)一般是依照 Class H 絕(jue)緣(yuan)等(deng)(deng)級制作(zuo)的(de)(de), 材料的(de)(de)耐溫(wen)(wen)達到了 180 ℃,變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)本身的(de)(de)的(de)(de)耐溫(wen)(wen)等(deng)(deng)級較高, 所以變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度過(guo)高時(shi)首(shou)先影響的(de)(de)是布局在其周圍的(de)(de)電氣、電子部件和環境溫(wen)(wen)度,導致其他工作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)度較低的(de)(de)器(qi)(qi)件先發生過(guo)溫(wen)(wen)。
2、變壓器匝間(jian)短路。
變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)匝(za)(za)間短路(lu)是同繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)線匝(za)(za)之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)短路(lu),由繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)間絕緣失效(xiao)導(dao)(dao)(dao)致,匝(za)(za)件短路(lu)會導(dao)(dao)(dao)致變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)局部出現短路(lu)電(dian)流,局部嚴重發熱直到繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)燒(shao)斷(duan)。變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)本身的(de)漆包(bao)線、絕緣紙質量問題、繞(rao)(rao)線導(dao)(dao)(dao)致漆包(bao)線損傷或(huo)引(yin)出線有毛(mao)刺等制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)藝問題外,雷擊、操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)過電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等過電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)是導(dao)(dao)(dao)致繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)匝(za)(za)間絕緣擊穿失效(xiao)的(de)主要因(yin)素之(zhi)(zhi)一。
3、變壓器(qi)鐵芯飽(bao)和(he)。
超過(guo)變壓(ya)器設計的持續(xu)工作(zuo)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)或(huo)電(dian)壓(ya)諧(xie)波時,將造成變壓(ya)器工作(zuo)磁(ci)通密度增(zeng)加,使變壓(ya)器鐵芯飽(bao)和導磁(ci)率會急劇下(xia)降(jiang),變壓(ya)器繞組阻抗下(xia)降(jiang),電(dian)流增(zeng)大,繞組出現(xian)過(guo)溫,嚴重(zhong)情況下(xia)出現(xian)燒斷(duan)現(xian)象。