干式變壓器溫度控制的必要性

干式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)超溫保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)是干式(shi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)設置中必不(bu)可少的(de)，福州(zhou)英諾電(dian)子通過對超溫保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)工作原(yuan)理、電(dian)氣接線、回(hui)路中一次元器(qi)(qi)件的(de)選用及應(ying)用過程中出現問(wen)題的(de)分(fen)析研(yan)究提(ti)出在管理和技術上進行改進提(ti)高(gao)的(de)措施與方法從而減少變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)損壞的(de)機率(lv)，更好地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障電(dian)網(wang)的(de)可靠運行。

干式變壓器保護設置要求

電力(li)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)是電力(li)系統(tong)中(zhong)十分重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)供電元件，它的(de)(de)(de)故(gu)障將對供電的(de)(de)(de)可靠性(xing)和系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)正常運行帶(dai)(dai)來嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響，且較(jiao)大容量的(de)(de)(de)干式變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)是貴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)元件。在變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)故(gu)障情況(kuang)下若(ruo)不能(neng)(neng)及時斷(duan)電，將會(hui)造成變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)不同程度地(di)損壞。而更(geng)換或維(wei)修變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)周期長，即使(shi)用(yong)另一臺變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)來帶(dai)(dai)所有(you)的(de)(de)(de)負荷(he)也(ye)(ye)會(hui)影(ying)(ying)響用(yong)戶端(duan)生產(chan)用(yong)電的(de)(de)(de)可靠性(xing)（若(ruo)另一臺變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)出現故(gu)障時，用(yong)戶只(zhi)能(neng)(neng)停產(chan)）：如果用(yong)戶只(zhi)有(you)一臺供電變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)就只(zhi)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)待（無其(qi)他供電電源）。因此，配(pei)置(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)良好、工(gong)作可靠的(de)(de)(de)繼電保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)對保(bao)護(hu)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)具有(you)十分重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)意義。繼電保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)發展至(zhi)今數字式保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)替代了電磁式保(bao)護(hu)裝置(zhi)(zhi)。

現(xian)有(you)的(de)電(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)有(you)以上的(de)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器為干(gan)(gan)式變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器按照(zhao)干(gan)(gan)式變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器的(de)繼(ji)電(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)配(pei)置原(yuan)則，變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器需配(pei)置溫度保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)；變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器應配(pei)置三(san)種保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)：帶時限的(de)過(guo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)速斷保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)及溫度保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)。該(gai)院電(dian)網(wang)干(gan)(gan)式變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器和(he)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)中(zhong)置柜二次操作系統由直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)供電(dian)）

布置方式有兩種：

一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是二者在同(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)變配電室中：另一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)是二者相距較遠，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般多采(cai)用后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)布(bu)置(zhi)方式。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)布(bu)置(zhi)方式下(xia)干式變壓(ya)器(qi)故障（外部故障和內(nei)部故障）由高壓(ya)中置(zhi)柜(ju)(ju)配套數字式保(bao)護裝置(zhi)動(dong)作跳開高壓(ya)中置(zhi)柜(ju)(ju)斷路器(qi)。

第(di)二種布(bu)(bu)(bu)置方式(shi)下干式(shi)變壓器(qi)(qi)與高壓環網柜(ju)柜(ju)負荷開關熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)組合電(dian)器(qi)(qi)模(mo)塊）或柜(ju)（真空(kong)斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)模(mo)塊）布(bu)(bu)(bu)置在同室內(nei)環網柜(ju)分勵線圈跳(tiao)閘(zha)回(hui)路電(dian)源為交流(liu)干式(shi)變壓器(qi)(qi)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)故障(zhang)由高壓環網柜(ju)跳(tiao)開負荷開關或真空(kong)斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)故障(zhang)由熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)熔斷(duan)帶動負荷開關分閘(zha)或真空(kong)斷(duan)路器(qi)(qi)跳(tiao)閘(zha)。變壓器(qi)(qi)溫度升(sheng)高主要(yao)由內(nei)部(bu)(bu)故障(zhang)引起，本文重點研究第(di)二種布(bu)(bu)(bu)置方式(shi)下的干式(shi)變壓器(qi)(qi)超溫保(bao)護。

干式變壓器超溫保護的工作原理

干(gan)式電力(li)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器運行溫(wen)度(du)的(de)關鍵配套組件是(shi)多功能電腦溫(wen)度(du)控制箱和預埋在三(san)相(xiang)繞組中檢(jian)測及顯示(shi)溫(wen)度(du)的(de)三(san)個高線性(xing)精(jing)度(du)鈾熱電阻(zu)。溫(wen)控箱具有相(xiang)應的(de)超高溫(wen)報警及超高溫(wen)跳(tiao)閘(zha)控制輸出功能能夠自動啟動冷(leng)卻風機對(dui)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器繞組進行強迫風冷(leng)延(yan)長變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)使用壽命(ming)，保證變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器安全(quan)運行。

干式變壓器溫度規定設置是多少度　　

干式變(bian)壓器按絕緣等級分為F級和H級。

F級(ji)的干式變(bian)壓器的絕緣材料是環氧樹脂，其極(ji)限溫度(du)為150度(du)，變(bian)壓器的設計工作溫度(du)為130度(du)。

電腦溫(wen)控(kong)箱設定(ding)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)如下：風機(ji)關閉溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為90度(du)(du)(du)，風機(ji)啟動溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為100度(du)(du)(du)，超(chao)溫(wen)報警溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)130度(du)(du)(du)，超(chao)溫(wen)跳(tiao)闡溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)150度(du)(du)(du)，在(zai)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)絕緣材料損壞前跳(tiao)開變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)高壓(ya)側負荷開關或(huo)斷路器(qi)(qi)；

H級的(de)干式變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)絕緣材料是特(te)殊(shu)的(de)絕緣紙，其極限溫度(du)(du)為220度(du)(du)，變(bian)壓(ya)器的(de)設(she)計工作(zuo)溫度(du)(du)為170度(du)(du)。

電腦(nao)溫(wen)控箱設(she)定溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)如下(xia)：風(feng)機關(guan)閉溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)100度(du)(du)(du)，風(feng)機啟動溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)130度(du)(du)(du)，超溫(wen)報警溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)170度(du)(du)(du)，超溫(wen)跳閘溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)190度(du)(du)(du)。

在變(bian)壓器(qi)絕緣(yuan)材(cai)料損壞前跳(tiao)開變(bian)壓器(qi)高壓側負(fu)荷開關或(huo)斷(duan)路器(qi)。溫控(kong)箱(xiang)中溫度設定和干式變(bian)壓器(qi)的絕緣(yuan)等級有(you)直(zhi)接關系(xi)，假如數(shu)據設置不當有(you)可(ke)能(neng)會燒壞變(bian)壓器(qi)或(huo)引起變(bian)壓器(qi)誤跳(tiao)閘(zha)。

當工(gong)作(zuo)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)的(de)干式變(bian)壓器(qi)任何一(yi)相(xiang)繞組溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)上(shang)升超(chao)過(guo)(guo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)箱(xiang)中(zhong)設(she)定的(de)啟動(dong)風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)時，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)箱(xiang)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繼電(dian)器(qi)動(dong)作(zuo)其輔(fu)(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點閉合(he)運行變(bian)壓器(qi)配套風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)自啟為變(bian)壓器(qi)降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)若溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下降到設(she)定風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關閉溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)值以下風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繼電(dian)器(qi)失(shi)電(dian)其輔(fu)(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點打開(kai)風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)自動(dong)停止運行；風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)啟動(dong)后若溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)繼續(xu)上(shang)升至報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)設(she)定值溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)箱(xiang)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點閉合(he)啟用報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)功能并拉響值班室內(nei)的(de)電(dian)鈴(ling)提醒值班人員(yuan)關注(zhu)對(dui)應變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)負(fu)荷和溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)情況。若溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)上(shang)升到跳(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)設(she)定值，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)箱(xiang)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)跳(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點閉合(he)通過(guo)(guo)控(kong)制電(dian)纜將(jiang)該信號送至環(huan)網柜(ju)分(fen)勵線圈跳(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)回路將(jiang)環(huan)網柜(ju)中(zhong)負(fu)荷幵關或真空(kong)斷路器(qi)跳(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)開(kai)變(bian)壓器(qi)退出運行低壓側(ce)斷路器(qi)由(you)失(shi)壓延時脫(tuo)扣器(qi)跳(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)幵（正常情況下風(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)繼電(dian)器(qi)超(chao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)報(bao)警(jing)(jing)(jing)超(chao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)跳(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)輔(fu)(fu)助觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點打開(kai)）。

干式變壓器超溫保護設置裝置器件的選用

干式變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)超溫(wen)(wen)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)接(jie)(jie)線圖(tu)(tu)干式變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)其近端的高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)環(huan)網(wang)(wang)柜提供(gong)溫(wen)(wen)控箱(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和環(huan)網(wang)(wang)柜分勵線圈跳(tiao)閘(zha)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)均為交流低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的提供(gong)方式根據變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)臺(tai)數不同而(er)有所(suo)區別(bie)變(bian)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)室內(nei)只設有臺(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)控箱(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和環(huan)網(wang)(wang)柜分勵線圈跳(tiao)閘(zha)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)室主臓(zang)溶斷(duan)器(qi)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)斷(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)圖(tu)(tu)安(an)裝臺(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)引接(jie)(jie)圖(tu)(tu)幌級變(bian)灘(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)變(bian)灘(tan)源(yuan)(yuan)翻甲回(hui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)圖(tu)(tu)安(an)裝臺(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)引接(jie)(jie)圖(tu)(tu)進開關(guan)下口引接(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)接(jie)(jie)線圖(tu)(tu)詳(xiang)見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)。變(bian)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)室內(nei)設有臺(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)，溫(wen)(wen)控箱(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)和環(huan)網(wang)(wang)柜分勵線圈跳(tiao)閘(zha)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)臺(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)互(hu)投(tou)箱(xiang)(xiang)中引接(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)接(jie)(jie)線圖(tu)(tu)詳(xiang)見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)。

　　跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)信(xin)號(hao)由溫控(kong)箱(xiang)傳輸給環(huan)網柜(ju)分勵(li)線(xian)(xian)圈跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)回(hui)路實現變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)超溫保護功能環(huan)網柜(ju)分勵(li)線(xian)(xian)圈環(huan)網柜(ju)柜(ju)跳(tiao)闡回(hui)路弓丨(shu)自腿腿好跗(fu)箱(xiang)開(kai)關(guan)、負(fu)荷開(kai)關(guan)輔點變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)溫控(kong)箱(xiang)號(hao)如(ru)引(yin)自低壓(ya)進(jin)線(xian)(xian)開(kai)關(guan)下口或互投箱(xiang)開(kai)關(guan)引(yin)自變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)蛋控(kong)箱(xiang)狹(xia)闡妄(wang)子圖環(huan)網柜(ju)跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)回(hui)路接線(xian)(xian)圖電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)源注塑(su)號(hao)至號(hao)力群仔(zi)號(hao)單(dan)—用戶圖干式變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)腦溫控(kong)箱(xiang)的(de)接線(xian)(xian)圖智能建巧技朮跳(tiao)閘(zha)(zha)回(hui)路電(dian)(dian)氣接線(xian)(xian)圖詳見圖溫控(kong)箱(xiang)接線(xian)(xian)會因(yin)生產廠家不同(tong)而有(you)所區別(bie)，但(dan)原理相同(tong)下面(mian)以廣東佛山華鷹變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)組件制造有(you)限公司生產的(de)干式變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)電(dian)(dian)腦溫控(kong)箱(xiang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)氣接線(xian)(xian)圖為例予以說(shuo)明，詳見圖。

　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦溫(wen)控箱的(de)端(duan)子(zi)接(jie)(jie)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，變配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室只有一臺變壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)，變壓(ya)器(qi)空(kong)載時(shi)，低(di)壓(ya)總進線開(kai)關未合(he)此(ci)種情況下變壓(ya)器(qi)無(wu)溫(wen)度保(bao)護端(duan)子(zi)接(jie)(jie)變壓(ya)器(qi)柜門(men)行(xing)程幵關當(dang)變壓(ya)器(qi)帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)門(men)時(shi)，溫(wen)控箱中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鈴(ling)響(xiang)起，起到提醒作用，端(duan)子(zi)接(jie)(jie)至(zhi)環(huan)網柜中外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)分勵線圏(quan)跳(tiao)閘回路(lu)，當(dang)變壓(ya)器(qi)繞組溫(wen)度達到跳(tiao)閘溫(wen)度時(shi)，跳(tiao)閘接(jie)(jie)點閉合(he)使(shi)環(huan)網柜中外電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)分勵線圈帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)跳(tiao)開(kai)負荷(he)開(kai)關或真空(kong)斷路(lu)器(qi)。端(duan)子(zi)接(jie)(jie)變壓(ya)器(qi)自(zi)帶(dai)風機風機的(de)啟停由溫(wen)控箱設定溫(wen)度控制(zhi)。

　　溫控箱(xiang)電源回(hui)(hui)路和(he)環網柜分勵線圈(quan)跳閘(zha)回(hui)(hui)路導線及電氣元件(jian)的(de)選(xuan)擇溫控箱(xiang)設計中(zhong)可接(jie)入(ru)的(de)銅芯(xin)控制(zhi)電纜最(zui)大截面只能為溫控箱(xiang)功耗最(zui)大只有。

　　按照(zhao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)規范(fan)要求，溫(wen)控箱工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)和(he)環網(wang)柜分勵線圈跳閘回(hui)路(lu)(lu)(lu)應裝設具(ju)有短路(lu)(lu)(lu)及過負(fu)荷保護功能(neng)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)（如熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)和(he)斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)組(zu)）斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)的分斷(duan)(duan)能(neng)力不應小于斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)安裝處的預(yu)期(qi)短路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流應在短路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流使導體達到允許的極限(xian)溫(wen)度前分斷(duan)(duan)該(gai)短路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流否(fou)則斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)會爆炸(zha)導體會燒熔(rong)(rong)造成人員傷亡(wang)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)火災故必(bi)須校(xiao)驗(yan)導體的熱穩定。在工程設計中(zhong)，選用熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)或斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)保護時，導體的熱穩定校(xiao)驗(yan)方法不同但都用公式校(xiao)驗(yan)。

　　校驗導體的熱穩定的公式為：—絕緣導體的線芯截面，—預期短路(lu)電流有效值（均方根值）

　—在已(yi)達到允(yun)許最高持續(xu)工(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)(de)導體內短路(lu)電(dian)流持續(xu)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)時間；—計(ji)算系數，取(qu)決于導體的(de)(de)物理特性(xing)，如電(dian)阻率導熱能力熱容量以及短路(lu)時的(de)(de)初(chu)始溫(wen)(wen)度(du)和最終溫(wen)(wen)度(du)。交聯聚乙(yi)烯絕(jue)緣銅(tong)芯電(dian)纜。

　　校(xiao)驗導體熱穩定的辦法有兩種(zhong)：當采用(yong)熔(rong)斷器(qi)時《工(gong)業與(yu)民用(yong)配(pei)(pei)電設計手冊(ce)已按式（將電纜絕緣導線截(jie)面與(yu)最大熔(rong)斷體電流的配(pei)(pei)合(he)關系列于頁表本文摘錄了其(qi)中部分內(nei)容，詳見表。

　　控(kong)制(zhi)及保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源由(you)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)室主進開(kai)關(guan)下(xia)口引接時，采用熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)和(he)(he)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)器(qi)組(zu)合方(fang)式。熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)裝在斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)器(qi)旳電(dian)(dian)(dian)源側過載和(he)(he)較小短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的切斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)由(you)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)器(qi)擔任(ren)，而較大短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的切斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)由(you)熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)擔任(ren)。要(yao)求(qiu)熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)分斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)能(neng)力(li)大于表中對應變(bian)壓器(qi)低壓出口處短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)和(he)(he)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)器(qi)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)值控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜導線(xian)采用帶鋼(gang)鎧銅芯(xin)截面設計規范要(yao)求(qiu)）。

　　控制及(ji)保護電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)由互投箱熔(rong)斷器下口(kou)引接時直(zhi)接按表選用熔(rong)體額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)纜及(ji)導(dao)線截面熔(rong)斷器額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)值控制電(dian)(dian)纜導(dao)線采用帶鋼鎧銅芯截面。

　　采用(yong)斷路器(qi)保護時斷路器(qi)全(quan)分斷時間（包(bao)括滅弧時間）極短，一般為。

　　控制及保護電(dian)(dian)源由(you)配電(dian)(dian)室主進(jin)開關下(xia)口引接(jie)時，其(qi)分(fen)斷能力應大于表中對(dui)(dui)應變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)低壓(ya)出口處(chu)短路(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)流，電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)截(jie)面范圍通過表和式（計算為(wei)以上(shang)（對(dui)(dui)應變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)）。該(gai)院配電(dian)(dian)網中及以上(shang)容(rong)量變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)居多對(dui)(dui)應控制電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)截(jie)面至(zhi)少為(wei)根本無法(fa)接(jie)于溫控箱接(jie)線小端(duan)子上(shang)故此情況下(xia)一般不采用(yong)斷路(lu)(lu)器(qi)保護。

　　控制及(ji)保護電源由(you)互投箱(xiang)分段斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)下口(kou)引(yin)接時計算斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)處(chu)預(yu)期短(duan)路(lu)(lu)電流要求斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)分斷(duan)(duan)能力(li)大于該處(chu)預(yu)期短(duan)路(lu)(lu)電流按(an)式（選取(qu)導(dao)線截面斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)額定電流值。

　　干式變壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)超溫(wen)保護調試(shi)及(ji)校驗變壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)環(huan)網柜(ju)跳(tiao)閘(zha)回(hui)路和溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)箱(xiang)回(hui)路接好線后需要校驗其功能(neng)。高壓未送(song)電(dian)情況下(xia)，將(jiang)環(huan)網柜(ju)中負荷(he)開(kai)關(guan)或真(zhen)空(kong)斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)人(ren)工儲能(neng)合(he)閘(zha)負荷(he)開(kai)關(guan)或真(zhen)空(kong)斷路器(qi)(qi)(qi)輔助觸點閉合(he)。低壓電(dian)源(yuan)送(song)給(gei)變壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)環(huan)網柜(ju)跳(tiao)閘(zha)回(hui)路和溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)箱(xiang)回(hui)路，將(jiang)溫(wen)控(kong)(kong)箱(xiang)中端(duan)子短接環(huan)網柜(ju)跳(tiao)閘(zha)說明接線正確，功能(neng)完整(zheng)。

　　某院電(dian)網中超溫保護常(chang)見問題(ti)分(fen)析(xi)事(shi)例(li)：某變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)溫控器(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)顯(xian)示說(shuo)明傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)幵路將三(san)相(xiang)傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)探頭重新插接(jie)后正常(chang)。經分(fen)析(xi)繞組(zu)中的鈾熱電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)插入深度不(bu)夠，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)運行伴隨有振動時(shi)間久了測(ce)溫鈾熱電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)與(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)分(fen)離造成無法測(ce)出變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)溫升若傳感器(qi)(qi)(qi)開路變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)部有故(gu)障時(shi)溫度保護起不(bu)到(dao)作用變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)損壞機率大(da)大(da)增加。

　　事例：某(mou)變壓(ya)器(qi)在(zai)夏(xia)季出(chu)現(xian)多(duo)次跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)，箱(xiang)變內(nei)環(huan)境溫度超(chao)過但變壓(ya)器(qi)低壓(ya)總電流值并不大并未達(da)到超(chao)溫跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)溫度。又對(dui)變壓(ya)器(qi)溫控(kong)回(hui)路查(cha)(cha)看也未發現(xian)異常，經進一步核查(cha)(cha)發現(xian)變壓(ya)器(qi)溫控(kong)器(qi)的(de)超(chao)高(gao)溫報警超(chao)高(gao)溫跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)溫度出(chu)廠設置相反導致變壓(ya)器(qi)誤(wu)跳(tiao)(tiao)閘(zha)，現(xian)場調整(zheng)后運行正常。

　　事(shi)例年月系統出現(xian)接地(di)(di)信號經排查某民用箱(xiang)變(bian)斷(duan)相運行(xing)現(xian)場變(bian)壓器(qi)間地(di)(di)面上有許多燃燒(shao)后的(de)黑色片(pian)狀(zhuang)絲(si)狀(zhuang)物仔細檢查發現(xian)變(bian)壓器(qi)高壓繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)絕(jue)緣(yuan)損壞通過固定變(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)絲(si)桿與鐵芯(xin)接觸高壓側接地(di)(di)導致(zhi)系統接地(di)(di)同時溫(wen)(wen)度(du)傳感(gan)線(xian)(xian)也(ye)燒(shao)斷(duan)了（溫(wen)(wen)度(du)傳感(gan)線(xian)(xian)緊(jin)挨著(zhu)變(bian)壓器(qi)鐵芯(xin)）。經分析繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)鉑熱電阻插(cha)入深(shen)度(du)距繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)絕(jue)緣(yuan)損壞處有一定距離溫(wen)(wen)度(du)還沒達到跳(tiao)閘(zha)值而(er)鐵芯(xin)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)升高很快在沒來得及跳(tiao)閘(zha)前(qian)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)傳感(gan)線(xian)(xian)被(bei)燒(shao)斷(duan)了以致(zhi)變(bian)壓器(qi)發生重大(da)燒(shao)壞事(shi)故。

　　這三起事例說明工程設計設備檢驗施工及運行巡視是保證變壓器安全運行的必要條件結束語通過對干式變壓器超高溫保護配置必要性原理接線元器件及導線選擇應用過程問題的分析總結出超溫保護設計安裝和運行中改進和提高措施如下：設計需要更精細，除了給干式變壓器配備繞組鉑熱電阻還要給干式變壓器鐵芯配備鉑熱(re)電阻，給變(bian)壓器保護多上一(yi)道保險正確選(xuan)擇(ze)元器件和導線(xian)，控制電纜芯數至少比實際(ji)用量多備用一(yi)芯。

　　施工過程中溫控箱工作電源回路(lu)與環(huan)網(wang)柜跳閘回路(lu)接線(xian)必須正確接完(wan)線(xian)要做測(ce)試并(bing)檢驗其功能核查(cha)(cha)溫控箱設定溫度是(shi)否(fou)正確。運行(xing)巡視需要加大(da)人工巡查(cha)(cha)力(li)度要求巡查(cha)(cha)人員具備相應(ying)的專業素(su)質擁有更(geng)強的責任心逐步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)電力(li)監測(ce)系統實現電網(wang)自(zi)動化。

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BWDK-5800是福建福州(zhou)英諾電子科技(ji)有(you)限公(gong)司所研發生(sheng)產(chan)設(she)計(ji)，為強迫風冷型穩定安(an)全運轉配(pei)置的(de)(de)小型嵌入(ru)式(shi)(shi)(shi)多功(gong)能型電腦溫控器。利用(yong)預埋在干式(shi)(shi)(shi)電力變(bian)壓器三相繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)線(xian)包中(zhong)的(de)(de)Pt100鉑(bo)熱(re)電阻來(lai)檢測干式(shi)(shi)(shi)電力變(bian)壓器線(xian)包的(de)(de)溫度升高，并根據(ju)溫升自(zi)動(dong)控制(zhi)冷卻風機的(de)(de)啟動(dong)停止、超(chao)(chao)溫報警直至超(chao)(chao)高溫跳閘以(yi)保證干式(shi)(shi)(shi)電力變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)安(an)全運行。由于(yu)采用(yong)目前(qian)先進的(de)(de)單(dan)片計(ji)算機并結合先進的(de)(de)存儲與調整技(ji)術，根據(ju)JB/T7631標準設(she)計(ji)研發，使得干變(bian)溫控器具有(you)結構簡單(dan)，運行可(ke)靠(kao)，抗干擾能力極強的(de)(de)特(te)點。同時溫控器還具有(you)“黑匣子”功(gong)能，可(ke)記錄停電前(qian)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)包的(de)(de)溫度及(ji)本機的(de)(de)工作狀態。

BWDK-5800干式變壓器溫控(kong)器

福州英諾電子科(ke)技(ji)有(you)限公司BWDK-5800干式變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)溫(wen)(wen)度控制器(qi)采用(yong)高(gao)性能PT100傳感器(qi)，是保證干式變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)安全(quan)運(yun)行(xing)的控制裝置。此(ci)儀(yi)表設計新式，結(jie)構緊湊、牢(lao)固、顯示醒目、直觀，具有(you)更加(jia)完善(shan)的系統保護、參數保存與輸出指示等功能。其特(te)有(you)的溫(wen)(wen)度超限報警，超溫(wen)(wen)跳閘;負載(zai)斷線報警輸出，可以更好的保證無(wu)人值守(shou)供電系統安全(quan)、高(gao)效(xiao)運(yun)行(xing)。本產品具有(you)精度高(gao)、體積小(xiao)、壽(shou)命長、安裝方便(bian)，易使用(yong)等特(te)點。

1、對三相(xiang)繞組溫(wen)度(du)的巡(xun)回顯示或(huo)干式變壓器(qi)溫(wen)度(du)相(xiang)繞組的跟蹤顯示(可(ke)隨意切換)。任何(he)一(yi)路超過預設點(dian)即起控(kong)風機。

2、實現干式(shi)變壓(ya)器冷卻風機啟(qi)停(ting)的自(zi)動控(kong)制或手動控(kong)制(可隨意切換)。

3、干式(shi)變壓器風機啟停(ting)、超(chao)溫報警、超(chao)溫跳閘(zha)信號的(de)顯示、輸(shu)出及遠傳(chuan)。

4、傳感(gan)器(qi)開路(lu)、短路(lu)及超過測量范圍提示;風機斷(duan)線報警與輸出。

5、三相溫度修正。

福建英諾BWDK-5800干式變壓(ya)器溫(wen)控(kong)器產(chan)品介紹

干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)廠家或(huo)者使(shi)用(yong)(yong)電力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)者中(zhong)(zhong)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)繞(rao)(rao)組是否穩(wen)(wen)定運(yun)行(xing)，決定了(le)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)間(jian)和(he)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不發(fa)生故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頻率。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)運(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)，經(jing)常會(hui)發(fa)生繞(rao)(rao)組溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度過(guo)(guo)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)繞(rao)(rao)組溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度超過(guo)(guo)最高運(yun)行(xing)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度導致絕緣收到損壞，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)影響干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)正常工作(zuo)。福建英諾科(ke)技(ji)研發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)BWDK-S201G系列干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(簡稱溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))是專(zhuan)(zhuan)業針對(dui)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)夠穩(wen)(wen)定長久運(yun)行(xing)所開發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種智能(neng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。電子(zi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發(fa)水(shui)平(ping)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)預(yu)埋干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉑(bo)熱電阻來監測及(ji)(ji)數字高精度顯(xian)示變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)繞(rao)(rao)組在(zai)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度升(sheng)高，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)簡單方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)智能(neng)化控制(zhi)自動(dong)啟動(dong)或(huo)者停止干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)卻風機，讓(rang)冷(leng)卻系統對(dui)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)繞(rao)(rao)組進行(xing)風冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)避免干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度而(er)(er)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)，BWDK-S201G型號溫(wen)(wen)(wen)控器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也能(neng)夠提(ti)供超溫(wen)(wen)(wen)報警功(gong)能(neng)及(ji)(ji)超溫(wen)(wen)(wen)跳閘輸出功(gong)能(neng)，讓(rang)干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)穩(wen)(wen)定運(yun)行(xing)在(zai)所需要控制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍之內，從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)延長干(gan)(gan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)工作(zuo)時(shi)間(jian)。

A:三相繞組溫度測量(liang)并同屏顯示;

B:溫控儀具有故障自檢(jian)、超溫、跳閘顯(xian)示并輸出發(fa)出報警信號(指示燈亮，蜂鳴器發(fa)出聲響);

C:風(feng)機(ji)手動控(kong)制/自動控(kong)制兩種狀態(tai)顯示、輸出及相互切換(huan)，風(feng)機(ji)定(ding)時(shi)啟(qi)停控(kong)制功能(可(ke)設置(zhi)風(feng)機(ji)的(de)啟(qi)動時(shi)間與運行時(shi)間);

D:各通道顯示值數字補償(用于調整溫差，以保(bao)證測量精(jing)度);

E：輸入(ru)(傳感器)開路(lu)、短路(lu)及(ji)故障自檢顯示(shi)并輸出;

F:“黑(hei)匣子”功能：記錄掉電時刻各繞組的溫(wen)度和歷史*高溫(wen)度(用(yong)于分析電力事故提供依據 );

G：(需要)環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)或者是鐵(tie)心(xin)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)的檢測功能;(訂(ding)貨時需特別說(shuo)明(ming))

H: (需要)帶計算(suan)機接口的(de)(de)232/485的(de)(de)通訊功能;(訂貨時需特別說明(ming))

I:模(mo)擬狀態檢(jian)測(ce)(用于檢(jian)測(ce)溫控制儀是否能正常工作(zuo))

特別說明：以上G和(he)H的功能在通用(yong)(yong)型(xing)中是沒有的;如果需(xu)要，用(yong)(yong)戶在訂購時應給(gei)與注(zhu)明!

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BWDK-5800干式變壓器(qi)用溫控器(qi)適(shi)合(he)場(chang)所：

適用于各(ge)種大中小型干式(shi)變壓器及歐式(shi)箱變;

可(ke)選擇安(an)裝在變壓器本體夾件和外殼上(shang);

變壓器(qi)冷卻(que)風機的起動電(dian)流(liu)可達16A。

BWDK-5800干式(shi)變壓器(qi)溫控儀產品廠家說明(ming)

BWDK-5800br塑殼電(dian)腦溫(wen)控器(qi)是我(wo)公司為(wei)風冷(leng)干(gan)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)可靠運行(xing)而設計的(de)(de)(de)(de)新一(yi)代多(duo)功能(neng)型電(dian)腦溫(wen)度控制(zhi)器(qi)。利(li)用(yong)(yong)預埋在(zai)干(gan)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)三(san)(san)相繞組線包(bao)(bao)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)(san)只(zhi)Pt100鉑熱電(dian)阻來檢測干(gan)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)線包(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)升，并根據溫(wen)升自動控制(zhi)冷(leng)卻風機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)啟停、超溫(wen)報警直(zhi)至(zhi)超高溫(wen)跳閘以保證干(gan)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全運行(xing)。由于采用(yong)(yong)目前(qian)先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)RISC單(dan)片計算機(ji)并結(jie)(jie)合(he)先進的(de)(de)(de)(de)I2C存儲與調整技(ji)術，根據JB/T7631標準設計而成，使得溫(wen)控器(qi)具有結(jie)(jie)構簡單(dan)，運行(xing)可靠，抗干(gan)擾能(neng)力(li)極強的(de)(de)(de)(de)特點。同時溫(wen)控器(qi)還具有“黑(hei)匣子”功能(neng)，可記錄停電(dian)前(qian)三(san)(san)個繞組包(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度及本(ben)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作狀態。